Mechanical stoker.



J. & W. RBAGAN.

MECHANICAL STOKER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 6, 190a.

Patented June 22, 1909.

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J. & W. REAGAN.

MECHANICAL STOKER.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 5,1908.

925,723. Patented June 22, 1909-.

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' I WITNESSES J. & W; REAGAN.

MEGHANIGAL STOKER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 5,1908.

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UNI snares PATENT onnroia JAMES REAGAN AND WILLIAM REAGAN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA; SAID WILLIAM REAGAN ASSIGNOR TO SAID JAMES REAGAN.

MECHANICAL STORE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed m 5, 1908. Serial at. 430,980.

Patented June 22, 1909.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES REAGAN and WILLIAM REAGAN, citizens of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Fennsylvania, have in vented a new and useful Mechanical Stoker, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention consists of a new and useful grate having an inclined section and a dumping section and provides a construction in which the fuel is economically consumed, at

more complete combustion is obtained and the efficiency of the boiler thereby greatly increased.

hollow oscillators for the inclined section and through which the draft passes at all times.

It further consists in providing a plurality of blades on the oscillators forming stops for su porting the fuel.

t further consists in regulating the draft in the inclined section whereby the fuel is at the upper portion subjected to a small amount of draft which is increased through out the extent of the inclined section.

It further consists in providing the dump- 7 ing section with crushing agitators or choppers,- one row of which is adapted to be actuated to support the fuel upon the inclined section during the act of crushing or dump- Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of a grate embodying our invention. Fig. 2 represents a perspective view of one of the oscillators in detached position showing a series of small openings therein. Fig. 3 represents a sectional view of said oscillator. Fig. 4 represents a sectional view of an oscillator with air passages formed by blades. Fig. 5 represents a plan view thereof. Fig. 6 represents a side elevation of an oscillator showing the extensions from the sides thereof. Fig. 7 represents a plan view thereof. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of an oscillator and part of its operating means. Fig. 9 is an end elevation with a portion broken away showing two oscillators and a part of their operating means. Fig. 10 represents a sectional "view of a portion of the inclined section as shown in Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale with the oscillators in a difierent position. Fig. 11 represents a. side elevation of a dumping section showing the crushing agitators situated in opposite positions ready to crush and dump. Fig. 12 represents a vertical transin practice that in the class ofgrates for steam boilers which comprises an inclined and dumping section and to which the fuel is mechanically fed by means of a feeding apparatus suitably located that it is necessary to rovide some means whereby the fuel is supp led with the pro or amount of draft and further that when t re fuel is fed down from the incline upon the dump section, the fuel will not escape from the inclined section and it is further necessary to provide some means'when the dumping or crushing action is taking place, to hold the fuel upon the inclined section.

Our invention is designed to accomplish these results and in the drawingswe have shown aconstruction which we have found in practice operates successfully but it will be evident that changes may be made in the construction, the arrangement of the arts may be varied and other instrumenta ities may be employed which will come within the scope of our invention and we do not, there fore, desire to be limited in every instance to the exact form herein shown and described, but desire to make such changes as may be necessary.

1 designates a grate for steam boilers formed with an inclined section 2 and a dum ing section 3.

4 designates the frame forsupporting the parts to which are connected the side bars 5 which are situated at an incline and form a bearing 01' support for the inclined section 2.

6 designates rocking bars which are suitably journaled or supported in the sides 5 and which are preferably formed angular. Mounted upon the said rocking bars 6 are the oscillators or agitators which form the fuel bearing surface of the inclined section of the grate and which are formed hollow, in order to provide for the draft, as will be hereinafter I different forms of oscillators on the mo ine,

vided with t designates the rearwardly shown in 2 in which 7 earing face of the oscillator having the depending sides or Wings 8, said bearing surface 7, projecting beyond each side of the wings 8, forming the extensions 9. Through said extensions -and said bearing one form beingb face are a plurality of small or minute openings 10 for the passage of air.

11 designates openings in the side wings 8 which are adapted to receive rocking bars 6 and in the drawings the said openings are shown as angular for this purpose. Between said side wings 8 is situated a strengthener 12, which is preferably formed 0 lindrical, in order to permit the air to 'circu ate freely between it and the bearing face 7 to prevent burning out .of the other parts of the oscillator.

13 designates 1i s or lugs which project from the side wings 8 while the ortion of the oscillator is profie wall 14 which is adapted to rest upon the lips or lugs 13 on the next oscillator in front thereof as will ,be clearly seen in Fig. 1. It will be noted that the opening 11 is located near the heel of the oscillator so that the fulcrum is at this oint and thus the oscillators will be divide into long and short axes 15 and 16, respectively,

front or toe as best seen in Fig. 4.

We have shown in Fig. 10 the first row of oscillators similar to that shown in Fig. 2 that is, with the small openings, but it will be evident that if desired, we may form other rows with this form of oscillator if desired. The other oscillators in the inclined section 2 as shown in Fig. 1 are formed in a manner shown in Fig. 13 in which 17 designates the side walls or Wings of the oscillators between gvliich are blades 18 the upper surfaces of which form steps or supports u on which the fuel will rest, while between tfie blades, are the passages which permit a free circulation of the air in order to provide aproper draft for thefuel it being noted that the front edge 19 of the blades is inclined to correspond t-o-the inclinationof the side walls 17 so that when the oscillators are in their normal position at rest, a straight line is provided from the u per to the lower portion of the said inc med section. 20 designates wings or extensions projectgfrom each of the side walls or wings 17 which, with those of the next succeeding oscillators, form passages for the air so that there is practically no dead line in the grate and burning out of the oscillators is reduced to a minimum. I

It will be noted more'particularly from I that the two uppermost lines of the'osstruction seen in Fig. 13, are made with the blades more closely approaching each other than in the lowermost series of oscillators. By this means the passages for the air in these upper arms are more restricted, thus making a smaller draft at this point than as the lowermost portion of the inclined section is reached. By this provision it will be understoodthat the draft is increased from the upper portion to the lower but this arrangement may be varied depending upon the requirements and conditions. One or more of each set of the oscillators is provided with a dependingv arm 21 which are pivotally connected with a bar 22,which latter in turn is connected with a link 23which is pivotally connected with a rod 24 leading to a suitable point beyond the furnace for operating the said bar 22 in order to rock the rocking bars 6 and thus actuate the oscillators, itbeing understoodflthat when the rod 24 is pulled in the proper direction that the bars 6 are rotated in order to lift the toe 'end of the oscillators, the extreme throw thereof being shown inFig; 10, attention being called to the fact that asthe oscillators are rotated the heel or rear end thereof will be located back ofthe toe portion or front end 14 of the next higher oscillator lower oscillator, cannot pass through the space 25 formed between the oscillators whereby it will be iinderstood that the coal and fuel will be preserved and directed downwardly to the dumping section, notwithstanding the continued movenient of the oscillator. Attention is also directed to the fact that by reason of the inclination at which the-oscillators are held the blades 18 are normally situated substantially horizontal, forming the steps or supports upon which the fuel rests so that the same cannot escape through the air openings between the blades and yet a free and constant circulation of air is provided, forming a'draft for the fuel at all times and no matter in what position the os- -cillators are situated.

As is shown in Fig. 14, the oscillators may not be actuated beyond the point 'where the front or toe portion 14 will pass above the plane of the bearing surface of the oscilla tors in front thereof, which thus removes any possibility of escape of the fuel, as the fuel is fed down from the inclined section, to pass upon the dumping section 3 of the furnace. The section 3 can be formed of any number of rows of crushing agitators but in the drawin'gs we have shown as two, 26 and 27, mounted upon the crossrods 28 which latter so that the fuel, which would be likely to fall from the upper to the.

grata' Said crushing agitators are made of suitable form with the elongated ends 29'and 30 which extend toward' each other and which have the side wings 31 and 32 connected at their lower portion by a hub an angular opening to accommodate the cross-rods 28, it being noted that the sides 33 having 31 and 32 are provided with the open spaces 34 and are divided by a central longitudinal rib 35 which forms the slots 36 in the upper face, all of the openings and slots being provided for the full passage of air to provide a draft, while it will be noted that the upper face of the crushing agitators are preferably curved and are formed with the series of teeth 37 projecting from the sides at the upper portion.

. arranged upon the rocking bars 28 that when the latter are operated the crushing agitators "are rocked in an opposite direction in the are of a circle so that tne free ends are projected upwardly into the bedof the fuel to dislodge the clinkers and break up the fuel and at the same time form a space or opening between the crushing agitators for the passage of the ash, dirt, etc. to the ash receptacle. For the operation of this, the crushing agitator 26 is provided with two depending arms 38 and 39 to the former of which is connected the rod 40 which extends to a suitable point outside of the grate for actuating the same,

while connected with the arm 39 is a link 41 the opposite end of which is suitably con.

surface of the oscillators'of the inclined sections, thus "servingto support and hold the fuel upon said inclined sections.

From the above it will be seen that the fuel receives a small amount of draft at the upper portion thus providing for a slow combustion at this point While the fuel passes downwardly upon the inclined section the 45 draft is increased a suitable amount, in order to providefor an increase of combustion and for forming a complete combustion, whereby the fuel is economically burned and the efliclency of the boiler is increased. Attention is also directed to the fact that while the blades 18 form steps for holdingand retaining the fuel that at the same time, owing to the angle at WhICh the oscillators are held and the location of the same, when at rest, that a perfectly even surface from the top to the The crushing agitators are so" its assage to the fuel. In manipulating or sto ring the fire on the inclined section the oscillators are tilted into the position seen in Figs. 10 or 14 where the movement will raise the body of the fuelin sections and cause it to break transversely across the entire width of the grate, leaving the fire in stoked condition to admit the air. The actual cleaning of the fire being accomplished in the dump section as above described.

The plate 43 which is located, as shown in Figs. 1 and 10, at the top of the incline adjacent to the fuel induction opening; to take the place of the usual dead plate, is made sloping on the upper surface to facilitate the passage of fuel and is furnished with an open aw on the under side to engage the angular head piece, 44; which in turn is bolted at each end to the side bars 5. This said plate is made in sections for ready adjustment and removal in case of repairs, and is maintained in position on the head piece; by means of a loose bolt 45 passed vertically through the same and member 44.

If desired, and we find it expedient, we may make the first row of the oscillators without air openings or passages this being shown in Fig. 1, or more than one row may be made without the airpassages, it being undcrstood that depending u on conditions we desire to be able to provi e a suitable draft 1n the inclined section starting the same at the upper row if necessary or at a suitable point in the incline as stated.

While we have shown in Fig. "1 the oscillators 7 without the openin s and the next row of oscillators being ma e in conformity with the construction shown in Fig. 13, we may ifdesired, make the row of oscillators next to the row of oscillators 7 with the small 0 enings 10 as shown in the construction in 1g. 2 or any other arrangement of oscillators maybe employed, the arrangement of the oscillators in the incline being arranged according to requirements.

Having thus described our invention, What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is v,

1. In a mechanical stoker, a series of hollow oscillators arranged to form an inclined grate and with their u per faces forming a continuous straight inc med surface and having air passages through the fuel-bearing surfaces thereof inclined to said straight surface, means for raising the lower ends of said oscillators, and means for suddenly stopping the downward movement of said lower ends. I

2. In a mechanical Stoker, a series of hollow oscillators, each oscillator provided with spaced fuel-supporting blades forming air passages between the blades, said oscillators disposed to form with their upper faces a continuous straight inclined fuel-supporting surface, means for raising the lower ends of said oscillators and permitting themto fall, and means for suddenly stopping the downward movement of said lower ends.

3. In a mechanical stoker, a series of'hollow oscillators arranged to form an inclined grate and with their u per faces forming a continuous straight inc ined surface and having air passages through the fuel-bearing surfaces thereof inclined to said straight surface, means for raising the lower ends of said oscillators, means for suddenly stopping the downward movement of said lower ends,

and a dumping section formed of crushing agitators upon which the fuel is fed from said oscillators.

4.. In a mechanical stoker, a series of hollow oscillators, each oscillator provided with spaced fuel-supporting blades forming air passages between the b ades, said oscil lators disposed to form with their upper faces a continuous straight inclined fuelsupporting surface, means for raising the lower ends of said oscillators and permitting them to fall, means for suddenly stopping the downward movement of said lower ends, and a dumping section formed of crushing vagitatorsupon which the fuel is fed from said oscillators,

5. In a mechanical stoker, a series of hollow oscillators arranged to form an inclined grate and with their upper faces forming a continuous straight inclined surface and having air passages through the fuel-bearing surfaces thereof ,inclined to said straight surface, means for raising the lower ends of said oscillators, and means for suddenly stopping the downward movement of said lower ends, said passages being gradedfrom the upper to the lower end of the inclined grate.

6. In a mechanical stoker, a series of hollow oscillators, each oscillator provided with spaced fuel-supportim blades forming air passages between the blades, said oscillators disposed to form with their upper faces a continuous straight inclined fuelsupporting surface, means for raising the lower ends of said oscillators and ermitting them to fall, and means for sud enly stopping the downward movemcnt of said lower ends, said passages being. graded from the upperI to the lower end of the inclined grate.

7. n a a hollow oscillator havin its fulcrum adjacent one end, sidewalls aving continuous upper edges and blades extending between said side walls and forming an acute angle with the upperedges thereof, and a lug projecting rearwardly from a point adjacent its fulcrum to support the toe portion of an adjacent oscillator.

8. In a device of thecharacterdescribed, 'a hollow oscillator having sides provided with continuous upper ed es, a fulcrum adj acent'one end of said oscillator, a-depending front wall and lugs extending rearwardly device of the characterdescribed,

from the sides to support the toe portion of an adjacent oscillator.

i 9. In a device of the character described, an inclined grate formed ofaseries of oscillators arranged with their upper faces formmg a continuous straight inclined surface and provided on the fuel bearing surface with air passages of different capacities to deliver in-an angular direction with relation to theupper face of the grate, large and small quantities of air at various points to the body of the fuel, means for raising the lower ends of said oscillators and means for suddenly stopping the downward movement of said lower ends. I

10. In a device of the character described, an inclined grate formed of hollow oscillators arranged with their upper faces forming a continuous straight inclined surface and spaced blades thereon forming intervening air passages adapted to deliver air in an angular direction to the upper face of the grate, means for raising the lower ends of said oscillators and means for suddenly stopping the downward movement of said lower ends.

11. In a device of the character described, an inclined grate formed of a series of oscillators, arranged with their upper faces forming'a continuous straight inclined surface and provided on the fuel bearing surface with a plurality of minute air orifices extending in an angular direction with relation to the face of the grate to deliver streams of air tothe fuel, means forraising the lower ends of said oscillators and means for suddenly stopping 100, the downward movement of said lower ends.

12. In a device of the character described, an inclined grate formed of a series of hollow t oscillators arranged with their upper faces i forming acontinuous straight inclined surface and having air spaces to deliver the air in an angular direction with relation to the face of the grate said oscillator being mounted to one side of the center to swing upwardly to dislodge the'fuel and allow the latter to pass-downwardly, means for raising the lower ends of said oscillators and means'for suddenly stopping the downward movement of said lower ends. 13. In a device of the character described,

a grate having an inclined section and a dumping section, disposed adjacent the lower end of the inclined section and comprising connected crushing agitators suitably mount ed to rotate in opposite directions with their 1 opposed faces'adapted to be turned into a su stantially vertical osition one of which is adapted to support t e fuel on the inclined section while cleaning and adapted to break fi p, crush and discharge the clinkers into the re pot. I

14. In a device of the character described, 1

an inclined grate, a dumping section formed of a series of connected crushing agitators having elongated approaching ends adapted refuse from the fire, said dumping section being arranged adjacent the lower end of the inclined grate.

15. In a grate, an oscillator consisting of depending side wings, spaced from each other, exterior and interior spaced inclined blades between said side wings, providing air passages between the blades and forming the fuel bearing surface and inclined to the upper edges of the sides, said oscillator having transverse angular openings through said side Wings, located near one end or heel thereof, and a cylindrical projection between the aforesaid side wings.

16. In a grate, a rocking bar, an oscillator mounted upon said rocking bar and consisting of depending side wings, exterior and interior spaced inclined blades, the latter being between said side wings, there being air passages between said blades said oscillator having a transverse angular opening disposed eccentrically with relation to the length of said oscillator, a cylindrical projection surrounding said opening, and a depending arm adapted'for connection with the next sucvceeding chopper.

17 In a grate, a rocking bar, an oscillating chopper mounted upon said rocking bar and consisting of depending side wings, exterior and interior spaced inclined blades, the latter being between said side wings and forming air passages between the blades, said oscillating chopper having a transverse angular opening disposed eccentric with relation to the length of said chopper, a cylindrical projection surrounding said opening, and a depending arm bifurcated at the lower extremity, intermediatepivot center and tie bar adapted to receive and communicate motion to other choppers.

18. In a grate, an oscillator, consisting'of side and front walls, and a plurality of fuel supporting blades connecting said side walls, the forward edges of said blades arranged at an acute angle to the upper edges of said side walls, said side walls being provided near their rear ends and below said blades with openin s for an agitator bar;

19. n a grate, an oscillator, consisting of side and front walls, and a plurality of fuel supporting blades connecting said side walls, the forward edges of said blades arranged at an acute angle tov the upper edges of said side walls, said oscillator having rearwardly extending supporting lugs adapted to support the toe port on of an adjacent oscillator.

20. In a grate, an oscillator, consisting of side and front walls, a plurality of fuel su orting blades connecting said side walls, t e orward edges of said blades arranged at an acute angle to the upper edges of said side walls, the front wall constituting a toeportion adapted to rest on a portion of the next adjacent oscillator.

21. In a grate, an oscillator, consisting of side and front walls, and a plurality of fuel supporting blades connecting said side walls, the forward edges of said blades arranged at an acute angle to the upper edges of said side walls, said oscillator having rearwardly extending supporting lugs and the front wall constituting a toe portion adapted to rest on the supporting lugs of the next adjacent oscillator.

22. In'an inclined grate, the combination of a plurality of oscillators disposed end to end and having their axes arranged transversely of the grate, the center of gravity of said oscillators being on the lower or discharge side of their axes, means for. raising the lower sides of said oscillators and permitting them to fall, and means for suddenly stopping the downward movement of said lower sides when the oscillators are in a osition to forma substantially straight inc ined fuel-bearingSurface, whereby the fuel is agitated and fed from the upper to the lower side of the grate.

23. The combination with an inclined grate consisting of a row of oscillators having substantially horizontal openings therethrough terminating at the up er surface, said oscillators being successive y disposed end to end and lying normally in substah tially the same plane of means for actuatin said oscillators, said means being constructed to allowthe lower ends of the oscillators to return to normal position by gravity.

24. The combination with an inclined grate consisting of a row of hollow oscilators having substantially horizontal openings therethrough terminating at the upper surfaces, said oscillators being successlvely disposed end to end and lying normally in substantially the same plane, of means for actuating said oscillators, said means being constructed to allow the lower ends of the oscillators to return to normal position by gravity. p

25. The combination with an inclined grate consisting of a row of oscillators havin approximately horizontal perforations an arranged end to end and each rovided also with a cutting toe at itsfree ower end, in combination with means for actuatin the oscillators and arranged to lift the oscil ators lators normally lying end to end in an inclined plane, of means for actuatin saidoscillators to agitate the fuel, the oscil ators being so mounted as to cause the toe of one to overlap the heel of another When the toes of the oscillators are raised, thereby preventing fuel from passing down between the same.

28. The combination of an inclined grate, connected crushing agitators mounted at the 10 front of the same and means for separating said agitators by an upward movement on the grate.

JAMES REAGAN; WILLIAM REAGANi Witnesses C. D. MoVAY,

J. 0. MC'GLASHEN. 

